Important Jain Councils
| Council | Place | Period | Leader | Purpose / Outcome | Importance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Jain Council | Pataliputra (Bihar) | 3rd century BCE | Sthulabhadra | Compilation of Jain teachings after famine; preservation of Angas | Beginning of differences leading to Digambara–Shvetambara split |
| 2nd Jain Council | Vallabhi (Gujarat) | 5th–6th century CE | Devardhigani Kshamashramana | Final compilation and writing of Jain Agamas | Shvetambara canon fixed in written form |
Quick Memory Points
- Pataliputra Council → After famine → Oral teachings preserved → Split begins
- Vallabhi Council → Teachings written down → Shvetambara scriptures finalized
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