Important Jain Caves and Shrines in India
Period + Patron + Significance in one compact UPSC-ready table.
| Site | State | Type | Period | Patron / Dynasty | Why Important |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Udayagiri–Khandagiri | Odisha | Rock-cut caves | 1st BCE | Kharavela (Chedi) | Earliest Jain caves; Hathigumpha inscription |
| Ellora (Caves 30–34) | Maharashtra | Rock-cut caves | 9th CE | Rashtrakutas | Fine Jain sculptures; Indra Sabha cave |
| Badami Jain Cave | Karnataka | Rock-cut cave | 6th CE | Chalukyas | Tirthankara images |
| Aihole (Meguti Temple) | Karnataka | Structural shrine | 7th CE | Chalukyas | Ravikirti inscription |
| Shravanabelagola | Karnataka | Hill shrine | 10th CE | Ganga dynasty | Gomateshwara (Bahubali) monolith |
| Sittanavasal | Tamil Nadu | Cave with paintings | 7th CE | Pandyas | Jain frescoes (Ajanta-like) |
| Kalugumalai | Tamil Nadu | Rock-cut reliefs | 8th CE | Pandyas | Jain Tirthankara carvings |
| Gwalior Jain Sculptures | Madhya Pradesh | Rock-cut idols | 7th–15th CE | Tomars | Huge Tirthankara statues |
| Dilwara Temples (Mount Abu) | Rajasthan | Marble temples | 11th–13th CE | Solanki rulers, Jain merchants | Finest marble architecture |
| Ranakpur | Rajasthan | Marble temple | 15th CE | Rana Kumbha patronage | Chaumukha temple, 1444 pillars |
| Palitana (Shatrunjaya) | Gujarat | Hill shrine complex | Early medieval | Jain patrons | Largest cluster of Jain temples |
| Girnar | Gujarat | Hill shrine | Ancient–medieval | Jain tradition | Linked to Neminatha |
| Kulpakji | Telangana | Temple | Early medieval | Rashtrakuta/Chalukya | Important Jain pilgrimage |
| Moodabidri | Karnataka | Jain basadi | 14th CE | Jain chiefs | Palm-leaf Jain manuscripts |
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